Patella Tendonitis
What is Patella Tendonitis?
The patellar tendon works with the muscles in the front of your thigh - the quadriceps - to straighten your leg. Although anyone can injure the patellar tendon, tears are more common among middle-aged people who play running or jumping sports. A complete tear of the patellar tendon is a disabling injury. It usually requires surgery to regain full knee function.
Tendons attach muscles to bones. The patellar tendon attaches the bottom of the kneecap (patella) to the top of the shinbone (tibia). It is actually a ligament that connects to two different bones, the patella and the tibia. The patella is attached to the quadriceps muscles by the quadriceps tendon. Working together, the quadriceps muscles, quadriceps tendon and patellar tendon straighten the knee.
What causes Patella Tendonitis?
A very strong force is required to tear the patellar tendon. Direct impact to the front of the knee from a fall or other blow is a common cause of tears. Cuts are often associated with this type of injury. The patellar tendon usually tears when the knee is bent and the foot planted, like when landing from a jump or jumping up. A weakened patellar tendon is more likely to tear. Several things can lead to tendon weakness.
Patellar tendonitis. Inflammation of the patellar tendon, called patellar tendonitis, weakens the tendon. It may also cause small tears. Patellar tendonitis is most common in people who participate in activities that require running or jumping. While it is more common in runners, it is sometimes referred to as "jumper's knee."
How to treat Patella Tendonitis
The type of treatment you require will depend on several things:
- The type and size of tear you have
- Your activity level
- Your age
Very small, partial tears respond well to nonsurgical treatment.
Immobilization. Your doctor may recommend you wear a knee immobilizer or brace. This will keep your knee straight to help it heal. You will most likely need crutches to help you avoid putting all of your weight on your leg. You can expect to be in a knee immobilizer or brace for 3 to 6 weeks.
Physical therapy. Specific exercises can restore strength and range of motion.
While you are wearing the brace, your doctor may recommend exercises to strengthen your quadriceps muscles. Straight-leg raises are often prescribed. As time goes on, your doctor or therapist will unlock your brace. This will allow you to move more freely with a greater range of motion. You will be prescribed more strengthening exercises as you heal.
